@article{MarioniRE2016,
title = {Genetic variants linked to education predict longevity},
author = {Marioni, R. E.
Ritchie, S. J.
Joshi, P. K.
Hagenaars, S. P.
Okbay, A.
Fischer, K.
Adams, M. J.
Hill, W. D.
Davies, G.
Nagy, R.
Amador, C.
Lall, K.
Metspalu, A.
Liewald, D. C.
Campbell, A.
Wilson, J. F.
Hayward, C.
Esko, T.
Porteous, D. J.
Gale, C. R.
Deary, I. J.},
url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27799538},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-11-02},
journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
abstract = {Educational attainment is associated with many health outcomes, including longevity. It is also known to be substantially heritable. Here, we used data from three large genetic epidemiology cohort studies (Generation Scotland, n = approximately 17,000; UK Biobank, n = approximately 115,000; and the Estonian Biobank, n = approximately 6,000) to test whether education-linked genetic variants can predict lifespan length. We did so by using cohort members' polygenic profile score for education to predict their parents' longevity. Across the three cohorts, meta-analysis showed that a 1 SD higher polygenic education score was associated with approximately 2.7% lower mortality risk for both mothers (total ndeaths = 79,702) and approximately 2.4% lower risk for fathers (total ndeaths = 97,630). On average, the parents of offspring in the upper third of the polygenic score distribution lived 0.55 y longer compared with those of offspring in the lower third. Overall, these results indicate that the genetic contributions to educational attainment are useful in the prediction of human longevity.},
keywords = {Eduction, genetics, longevity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Pilling2016,
title = {Human longevity is influenced by many genetic variants: evidence from 75,000 UK Biobank participants},
author = {LC Pilling, Atkins JL, Bowman K, Jones SE, Tyrrell J, Beaumont RN, Ruth KS, Tuke MA, Yaghootkar H, Wood AR, Freathy RM, Murray A, Weedon MN, Xue L, Lunetta K, Murabito JM, Harries LW, Robine JM, Brayne C, Kuchel GA, Ferrucci L, Frayling TM, Melzer D},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27015805},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-03-23},
journal = {Aging},
abstract = {Variation in human lifespan is 20 to 30% heritable in twins but few genetic variants have been identified. We undertook a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) using age at death of parents of middle-aged UK Biobank participants of European decent (n=75,244 with father's and/or mother's data, excluding early deaths). Genetic risk scores for 19 phenotypes (n=777 proven variants) were also tested. In GWAS, a nicotine receptor locus(CHRNA3, previously associated with increased smoking and lung cancer) was associated with fathers' survival. Less common variants requiring further confirmation were also identified. Offspring of longer lived parents had more protective alleles for coronary artery disease, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, type-1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease and Alzheimer's disease. In candidate analyses, variants in the TOMM40/APOE locus were associated with longevity, but FOXO variants were not. Associations between extreme longevity (mother >=98 years, fathers >=95 years, n=1,339) and disease alleles were similar, with an additional association with HDL cholesterol (p=5.7x10-3). These results support a multiple protective factors model influencing lifespan and longevity (top 1% survival) in humans, with prominent roles for cardiovascular-related pathways. Several of these genetically influenced risks, including blood pressure and tobacco exposure, are potentially modifiable.},
keywords = {1417, human life, longevity},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}