Approved Research

Unraveling the Mediating Role of Gut Microbiota and Dietary Interactions in the Causal Pathways from HIV Infection to Cardiovascular Disease in HIV-Infected Individuals

Lay summary

HIV infection has become a manageable chronic condition with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, HIV-infected individuals remain at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population. This heightened risk is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including gut microbiota composition and dietary patterns. Understanding the causal pathways connecting these elements and their impact on CVD risk is of utmost importance.

Despite advances in our understanding of HIV infection and the management of CVD, there remains a critical knowledge gap regarding the causal pathways connecting these two complex health challenges in HIV-infected individuals. While observational studies have indicated an increased risk of CVD among those living with HIV, the precise mechanisms underlying this elevated risk remain unclear. Furthermore, the potential role of gut microbiota alterations as mediating factors in the causal chain from HIV infection to CVD outcomes has not been comprehensively explored. In the context of HIV infection, the interplay between gut microbiota composition, dietary patterns, and CVD risk is not well understood.

This research aims to address these critical knowledge gaps by systematically investigating the causal pathways from HIV infection to CVD in the context of gut microbiota, dietary patterns, and their interactions. We will delve into the mediating role of gut microbiota, examining the specific microbial profiles that may drive the increased CVD risk observed in HIV-infected individuals. Furthermore, our study will explore the interactions between dietary habits and gut microbiota, with a focus on their combined effects on CVD. By considering the influence of social determinants and environmental factors, we aim to provide a holistic understanding of the multifaceted relationships involved in HIV-related CVD.

Through this comprehensive research, we aspire to offer insights that may lead to targeted interventions, dietary guidelines, and potential probiotic therapies to reduce the heightened risk of CVD in the vulnerable population of HIV-infected individuals. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and the interplay of factors contributing to CVD in this context is essential for addressing health disparities and improving cardiovascular health in this specific population.

Full cohort and estimated duration of the project is 3yrs.