Physical activity has been highlighted as a cost-effective strategy for prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. To date policy actions and treatments are based on an assumption of a similar beneficial effect from physical activity on the population. Human disease development is, however, a complex interplay between genetic inheritance, life style and environmental factors. This project investigates how genetics modulate level of physical activity and disease risk. We will also examine if and how physical activity mediates the realization of genetic risk in cardiometabolic diseases. Results can be used in developing targeted and effective lifestyle interventions.