Our research project aims to identify the epidemiological characteristics, etiology and risk factors of early-onset cancers, and explore the differences between them and late-onset cancers, with the ultimate goal of providing more effective prevention and screening methods for people of different ages. At the same time, we hope to find the pathogenesis and reliable drug targets of early-onset and late-onset cancers through genomic analysis, thereby helping clinicians tailor personalized treatments to patients of different ages. The incidence of cancer is increasing and showing a trend of earlier onset. In the past, we generally thought that early onset of cancer was influenced by genetic factors. However, existing studies have shown that many patients with early-onset cancers do not have related hereditary syndromes or germline mutations, and traditional clinical criteria (family history, cancer phenotype) have failed to identify high-risk individuals. Therefore, finding the etiology and risk factors of early-onset cancer, exploring the pathogenesis behind it, and determining reliable screening indicators will greatly improve the survival prognosis and quality of life of early-onset cancer patients. We plan to analyze a large cohort from the UK Biobank, integrating various data sets such as clinical data and genetic data. We use 50 years old as the dividing line to define early-onset cancer and late-onset cancer. We will use advanced statistical methods to study how a variety of known and unknown risk factors affect the development and prognosis of early-onset and late-onset cancers. In addition to clinical data, we will also conduct genetic analyses aimed at revealing specific genetic variants behind multiple risk factors and their potential impact on cancer progression. Our analysis will identify risk factors and genetic variants associated with cancers in different ages, providing valuable insights into personalized treatment strategies. Cancers put a heavy strain not only on patients’ families, but also on the economic and public health in the whole society. By identifying the risk factors that influence early-onset cancer development, our research aims to develop more effective ways to prevent cancer, potentially reducing the burden of cancer on individuals and the healthcare system. Early identification of patients at higher risk of cancer development may lead to timely interventions that improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
