Peripheral arterial diseases (PADs)-including lower extremity atherosclerosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), carotid artery stenosis, and renal artery stenosis-represent key components of the panvascular disease spectrum, characterized by atherosclerosis affecting multiple vascular beds (heart, brain, kidney, and peripheral arteries). The emerging field of panvascular medicine emphasizes a systemic, integrative approach, highlighting interactions between vascular territories rather than isolated, single-organ disease models.
Although risk and prognostic factors for individual vascular diseases (PAD, coronary artery disease, stroke) are partially understood, the complex interactions and shared or distinct clinical, genetic, proteomic, metabolomic, and microbiomic determinants across these diseases remain poorly characterized. Addressing this gap, our study aims to:
(1) Describe the incidence, comorbidity patterns, and systemic risk factor profiles of major PADs and their interrelations with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; (2) Identify and quantify clinical, demographic, lifestyle, and multi-omics (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiome) predictors of PAD onset, progression, and simultaneous occurrence with other vascular diseases;
(3) Develop and validate prognostic models for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and long-term mortality in patients with PAD and associated vascular diseases; (4) Elucidate underlying biological mechanisms and modifiable intervention points for panvascular risk reduction.
This research will advance a personalized, integrative approach to vascular disease prevention, management, and prognostication, aiming to overcome the limitations of organ-specific paradigms and inform comprehensive panvascular health strategies.